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機械專業(yè)英語課件ppt

這是機械專業(yè)英語課件ppt,包括了concurrent/realistic/constraint/ethic,Engineering design is a systematic progress by which solutions to the needs of humankind are obtained等內容,歡迎點擊下載。

機械專業(yè)英語課件ppt是由紅軟PPT免費下載網推薦的一款英語課件PPT類型的PowerPoint.

上一課回顧kRc紅軟基地
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Lesson 6    Engineering Design 工程設計kRc紅軟基地
重點詞匯:kRc紅軟基地
statedkRc紅軟基地
concurrent/realistic/constraint/ethickRc紅軟基地
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Engineering design is a systematic progress by which solutions to the needs of humankind are obtained. kRc紅軟基地
The progress is applied to problems (needs) of varying complexity.kRc紅軟基地
工程設計是一個系統(tǒng)(systematic)的過程,通過它可以解決人類需要解決的問題。這一過程被用于解決許多變化的復雜性的問題。kRc紅軟基地
For example, mechanical engineers will use the design process to find an effective, efficient method to convert reciprocating motion to circular motion for the drive train in an internal combustion engine; electrical engineers will use the process to design electrical generating systems using falling water (落水)as the power source; and materials engineers use the process to design ablative(燒蝕性的) materials which enable astronauts to safety reenter the earth's atmosphere. kRc紅軟基地
例如,機械工程師應用這一設計過程去找到一種有效的高效的方法,把用于動力傳送系統(tǒng)(drive train)的內燃機中的往復運動轉化為旋轉運動;電力工程師應用這一設計過程去設計用落水做動力源的發(fā)電系統(tǒng);材料工程師應用這一設計過程研制燒蝕材料,使宇航員能安全地重返地球(大氣層)。 kRc紅軟基地
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The vast majority of complex problems in today's high-technology society depend for solution not on a single engineering discipline(工程學科), but on teams of engineers, scientists, environmentalists, economists, sociologists, and legal personnel.kRc紅軟基地
現代高技術社會的大量復雜問題的解決,不是取決于單一的工程學科,而是取決于由工程師、科學家、環(huán)境保護專家、經濟學家、社會學家和法律專家組成的團隊。kRc紅軟基地
Solutions are not only dependent upon the appropriate applications of technology, but also upon public sentiment(公眾意見) as executed through government regulations and political influence.kRc紅軟基地
解決問題不僅依靠技術的合理應用,而且要考慮通過政府法規(guī)和政治影響引起的大眾情緒。kRc紅軟基地
As engineers we are empowered with the technical expertise to develop new and improved products and systems, but at the same time we must be increasingly aware of the impact of our actions on society and the environment in general(總體的) and work conscientiously toward the best solution in view of all relevant factors.kRc紅軟基地
作為工程師被授權利用專門技術來研究和改進產品和系統(tǒng),但同時我們必須知道我們的行為一般對社會和環(huán)境的影響,并考慮所有相關因素,盡責的工作,找出最好的解決辦法。 kRc紅軟基地
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Design is the culmination(最高階段) of the engineering educational process; it is the salient(突出的) feature that distinguishes engineering from other professions.kRc紅軟基地
設計是工程教育過程的制高點;正是這一顯著特征把(工程設計)和其他職業(yè)區(qū)分開來。 kRc紅軟基地
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 A formal definition of engineering design is found in the curriculum guidelines(課程指導) of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET).kRc紅軟基地
工程設計的正式定義可以在工程技術鑒定合格委員會(ABET)的課程指導方針中找到。kRc紅軟基地
ABET accredits(鑒定) curricula in engineering schools and derives its membership from the various engineering professional societies(行業(yè)協(xié)會).kRc紅軟基地
ABET安排工程學校的課程,ABET的成員人數來自各種工程專業(yè)協(xié)會。kRc紅軟基地
Each accredited curriculum has a well-defined design component which falls within the ABET guidelines.kRc紅軟基地
The ABET statement on design reads as follows(內容如下):kRc紅軟基地
每一門授權的課程有一個解釋清楚的設計部分,該部分包含在ABET指導方針中。kRc紅軟基地
ABET對設計的解釋如下: kRc紅軟基地
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Engineering deign is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs.kRc紅軟基地
工程設計是設計系統(tǒng)、元件的過程,或者是滿足希望要求的過程。kRc紅軟基地
It is a decision making process (often iterative重復性的), in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a stated objective(目標、目的).kRc紅軟基地
它是一個決策指定的過程(經常需要反復),在此過程中為了達到規(guī)定的目標,最佳地應用基礎科學、數學和工程科學,把它們轉化成資源。kRc紅軟基地
The engineering design component of a curriculum must include most of the following features: development of student creativity, use of open-ended problems, development and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statements and specifications, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production processes, concurrent engineering design, and detailed system descriptions.kRc紅軟基地
課程的工程設計部分必須包括以下大部分特性:學生創(chuàng)造性的培養(yǎng)、能適應未來發(fā)展的問題使用、現代設計理論和方法的發(fā)展和應用、設計問題的陳述和詳細說明、其它解決問題方法的考慮、可行性研究、生產過程、并行工程設計以及詳細的系統(tǒng)描述。kRc紅軟基地
Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.kRc紅軟基地
另外,還必須包括許多實際約束,如經濟因素、安全、可靠性(reliability)、美學(aesthetis)、道德(ethics)和社會反響等。 kRc紅軟基地
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If anything can be said about the last half of the twentieth century, it is that we have had an explosion of information. kRc紅軟基地
The amount of data that can be uncovered on most subjects(學科) is overwhelming.kRc紅軟基地
如果說二十世紀下半葉可以提到的大的事情,那就是信息的爆炸。kRc紅軟基地
對大多數課題可以揭示的數據量是勢不可擋的。kRc紅軟基地
People in the upper levels of most organizations have assistants who condense most of the things that they must read, hear, or watch.kRc紅軟基地
在大部分組織的高層次人才都配有助手,這些助手把他們必須讀到、聽到和看到的大部分事情進行精簡。kRc紅軟基地
When you begin a search for information, be prepared to scan many of your sources and document their location so that you can find them easily if the data subsequently appear to be important.kRc紅軟基地
當你查找一些信息資料時,如果這些資料很重要,做好準備瀏覽大量資料并記下它們的位置,這樣做你能容易地獲得。kRc紅軟基地
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Some of the sources that are available include the following:kRc紅軟基地
可得到的一些資源如下:kRc紅軟基地
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1.Exisiting solutions: Much can be learned from the current status of solutions to a specific need if actual products can be located, studied and, in some cases, purchased for detailed analysis(購買進行詳細分析).kRc紅軟基地
1、現有的解決方案。如果實際的產品可以被確定、研究,以及在某些情況下可以買到以用于詳細的分析,則從現有的解決方案到特定的需要可以知道許多事情。kRc紅軟基地
An improved solution or an innovative new solution cannot be found unless the existing solutions are thoroughly understood.kRc紅軟基地
除非完全理解現有的解決方案,否則不能找到一個改進的或革新的解決方案。 kRc紅軟基地
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2.Your library. Many universities have courses that teach you how to use your library.kRc紅軟基地
 Such courses are easy when you compare them with those in chemistry and calculus(微積分), but their importance should not be underestimated(低估).kRc紅軟基地
2、你的圖書館。許多大學設有教你如何使用你的圖書館的課程。kRc紅軟基地
這些課程與化學和微積分學課程相比是容易的,但不能低估它們的重要性。kRc紅軟基地
There are many sources in the library that can lead you to the information that you are seeking. kRc紅軟基地
You may find what you need in an index such as the Engineering Index(工程索引).kRc紅軟基地
在圖書館里有很多資源能幫你找到你所要搜索的信息。kRc紅軟基地
在一個索引中可以找到你想要的東西,例如在工程索引中。kRc紅軟基地
There are many other indexes that provide specialized information. kRc紅軟基地
The nature of your problem will direct which ones may be helpful to you. Don't hesitate to ask for assistance from the librarian.kRc紅軟基地
你的問題的性質將直接告訴你誰可以幫助你。kRc紅軟基地
不要不好意思請求圖書管理員的幫助。kRc紅軟基地
You should use to advantage the computer databases found in libraries and often available through CD-ROM (Compact disc-read only memory)technology.kRc紅軟基地
你應該充分利用圖書館的計算機數據庫(database)和經常通過光盤只讀存儲器(CD-ROM)來獲取信息。 kRc紅軟基地
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3.Professional organizations. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is a technical society that will be of interest to students majoring(主修) in mechanical engineering. kRc紅軟基地
Each major in your college is associated with not one but often several such societies.kRc紅軟基地
3、專業(yè)組織。美國機械工程師協(xié)會(The American Society of Mechanical Engineers)是一個技術協(xié)會,它對機械專業(yè)的學生非常有吸引力。kRc紅軟基地
你學院的每一個專業(yè)不僅與一個而且經常與好幾個這樣的會有聯系(be associated with)。kRc紅軟基地
The National Society of Professional Engineers is an organization that most engineering students will eventually join, as well as at least one technical society such as the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), or any one of dozens that serve the technical interests of the host of specialties with which professional practices seem most closely associated.kRc紅軟基地
國家專業(yè)工程師協(xié)會是一個組織,大部分工程方面的學生最終要加入這一組織,以及至少一個技術協(xié)會如美國土木工程師協(xié)會(ASCE)、美國電氣與電子工程師協(xié)會(IEEE)或十二個協(xié)會中的任何一個都對許多專業(yè)技術感興趣,專業(yè)實踐似乎與這些專業(yè)有非常緊密的聯系。kRc紅軟基地
Many engineers are members of several associations and societies.kRc紅軟基地
許多工程師是幾個協(xié)會和學會的會員。 kRc紅軟基地
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4.Trade journals(行業(yè)雜志). kRc紅軟基地
They are published by the hundreds, usually specializing in certain classes of products and services.kRc紅軟基地
4、行業(yè)雜志(trade journal)。kRc紅軟基地
行業(yè)雜志有幾百種,通常研究一定級別的產品和服務。kRc紅軟基地
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Money and economics are part of engineering design and decision-making. kRc紅軟基地
We live in a society that is based on economics and competition.kRc紅軟基地
錢和經濟是工程設計和決策制定的一部分。kRc紅軟基地
我們生活在一個以經濟和競爭為基礎(be based on)的社會。kRc紅軟基地
It is no doubt true(勿容置疑) that many good ideas never get tried because they are deemed to be economically infeasible.kRc紅軟基地
Most of us have been aware of this condition in our daily lives.kRc紅軟基地
許多好的想法不能實施無疑(no doubt)是真的,因為這些想法被認為在經濟上是不可行的。kRc紅軟基地
我們中的大部分人都知道我們每天的生活條件。kRc紅軟基地
We started with our parents explaining why we could not have some item that we wanted because it cost too much.kRc紅軟基地
我們的父母給我們解釋為什么我們不能得到某些我們想要的東西,是因為這些東西太貴。kRc紅軟基地
Likewise, we will not put some very desirable component into our designs because the value gained will not return enough profit in relation to its cost. kRc紅軟基地
同樣,我們也不能把某些非?释臇|西加入到我們的設計中,因為我們獲得的價值與它的成本相比(in relation to)不能獲得足夠的效益。 kRc紅軟基地
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Industry is continually looking for new products of all types. kRc紅軟基地
Some are desired because the current product is not competing well in the marketplace(市場).kRc紅軟基地
Others are tried simply because it appears that people will buy them.kRc紅軟基地
工業(yè)正在不斷地尋找(look for)所有類型的新產品。kRc紅軟基地
某些產品是渴望的,因為現有的產品在市場中不具有很好的競爭力。kRc紅軟基地
其它的產品被簡單的試做,因為似乎人們將買它們。kRc紅軟基地
How do manufacturers know that a product will be popular(暢銷的)? kRc紅軟基地
生產廠商如何知道其生產的新產品是否受歡迎呢?kRc紅軟基地
They seldom know with certainty. kRc紅軟基地
他們很少能知道確切答案。kRc紅軟基地
Statistics(統(tǒng)計學) is an important consideration in market analysis. kRc紅軟基地
在市場分析時,統(tǒng)計數字是重要的考慮。kRc紅軟基地
Most of you will find that probability(概率論) and statistics are an integral(組成的) part of your chosen engineering curriculum. kRc紅軟基地
你們中的大部分人將會發(fā)現,概率和統(tǒng)計是你們所選課程的一個整體部分。kRc紅軟基地
The techniques of this area of mathematics allow us to make inferences(推論) about how large groups of people will react based on the reactions of a few.kRc紅軟基地
數學領域的技術可以使我們做出推論,即多大人群將根據少數人的反應而反應。 kRc紅軟基地
課后作業(yè):kRc紅軟基地
1、復習本課單詞,預習下一課單詞kRc紅軟基地
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ISTPkRc紅軟基地

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